0601 Overview

This chapter establishes the Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) financial policies and procedures relating to VA’s nationwide Transit Benefit Program (TBP).

Key points covered in this chapter:

• VA will provide a Transit Benefit subsidy or self-certification reimbursement to employees if public transit is used to commute to the workplace;
• Transit benefit subsidies are excluded from wages up to a maximum amount set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and are not reported on the employee Leave and Earnings Statement or W- 2;
• VA will not grant retroactive reimbursement for TBP expenses paid prior to applying for the transit benefit program or for expenses more than three months in arrears from the date of program acceptance; and
• VA employees participating in TBP will return unused fare media to their Transit Manager upon termination of VA employment.

0602 Revisions

Section	Revision	Office	Reason for Change	Effective Date
Various	Reformatted policy and completed full update.	OFP	Full update of policy	October 2024
Appendices	Created Appendix A: Previous Policy Revisions	OFP	General Update	October 2024

Refer to Appendix A, Previous Policy Revisions for a listing of previous changes.

0603 Definitions

Budget Object Class (BOC) Code – Categories in a classification system that present obligations by the items or services purchased by the Federal Government.

Daily Commute to and/or from Duty Station – Using some form of mass transportation from an employee’s residence when commuting to and from work, or, commuting one way, to or from work.

Direct Subsidy – Direct Subsidy refers to fare distribution to the VA employee residing within the National Capital Region (NCR), prior to the beginning of the period the distributed benefit begins.

Fare Media – Any transit pass, token, fare card, voucher, or similar item (including an item that can be exchanged for mass transit use) that entitles a person to public transportation. This method is used when a mode of transportation is unable to accept other digital payment methods.   

Field Subsidy – Fare distribution to the VA employee, residing outside of the NCR boundaries, prior to the beginning of the period the distributed benefit begins.

Mass Transportation – Any form of public transportation operated for use by the public (e.g., buses, subways, ferries, commuter buses, trains, and qualified vanpools).

National Capital Region (NCR) – As defined in VA Handbook 0633, The District of Columbia; Montgomery, Prince George’s and Frederick counties in Maryland; Arlington, Fairfax, Loudon and Prince William counties in Virginia.

Qualified VA Employee – As defined by section 2105 of title 5, United States Code. Individuals formally appointed to positions under title 5 or title 38 authorities. Qualifying VA employees may have regular or intermittent tours of duty, be full-time or part time, be on permanent or temporary appointments, provided they are formally appointed to the position and are paid by VA.

Transit Benefit Program (TBP) – This program provides a non-taxable subsidy designed to encourage Federal employees to commute daily via mass transit to and/or from work. Qualified employees participating in the program are required to calculate the cost of their daily commute. Parking fees are not eligible for the transit benefit and should not be included when computing daily, weekly, or monthly commuting costs.

0604 Roles and Responsibilities

Under Secretaries, Assistant Secretaries, Chief Financial Officers, Fiscal Officers, Chief Accountants and Other Key Officials are responsible for ensuring compliance with the policies set forth in this chapter.

Office of Revolving Fund (ORF) Reimbursement Office is responsible for processing cost transfers to realign Washington Metro Area Transit Authority (WMATA) invoice payments to appropriate offices receiving transit benefits.

Financial Services Center (FSC) is responsible for processing Intra-Governmental Payment and Collection (IPAC) billings from Health and Human Services (HHS).

Transit Benefit Program Office (TBP Office) is an office within Office of Human Resources and Administration (HRA), Office of Administration (O/A) that has the lead responsibility for coordinating the overall TBP and serves as liaison with Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and Washington Metro Area Transit Authority (WMATA) for VA’s Nationwide Transit Benefit Program.

VA Central Office (VACO) organizational transit managers have the overall organizational responsibility for their respective administration to provide operational procedures and oversees transit programs at field facilities, and in the NCR for their VACO organization.

Field transit managers oversee program administration and benefits distribution at their field stations for the TBP at the direction of, and under the procedures established by, the facility director. These managers may distribute fare media directly to employees or delegate the media distribution to appropriate VA offices. Field transit managers will review and submit transit applications through VACO’s organizational transit managers.

Administration and Staff Office budget officers are responsible for overseeing TBP billing, TBP self-certification, and reimbursements for their organizations and field facilities.

Employees participating in the TBP are responsible for completing the required documentation, submitting supporting documentation for reimbursements (as required), and ensuring they are meeting the requirements as established in VA Directive/Handbooks 0633, Transit Benefit Program.

0605 Policies

060501 General Policies

1. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. § 7905 and Executive Order 13150, VA established a transit benefit program to encourage VA employees to use public mass transportation in their daily commute to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution.
2. VA employees may receive transit benefits or be reimbursed for transit costs up to the maximum subsidy amount allowed. Benefits / reimbursement is dependent upon the type of transit media fare and mode of transportation used by the VA Employee.
3. Transit benefit subsidies are excluded from wages up to a maximum amount set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and are not reported on the employee Leave and Earnings Statement or W- 2.
4. VA’s TBP office has entered into and maintains an interagency agreement with Health and Human Services (HHS) to provide transit benefits for employees outside the National Capital Region (NCR).
5. VA’s TBP office has entered into and maintains a contract with Washington Metro Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to provide transit benefits for employees within NCR.
6. Retroactive reimbursement will not be granted for TBP expenses paid by the employee prior to applying for transit benefits or for expenses more than three months in arrears from the date of program acceptance.
7. Section 11047 of P.L. 115-97 suspends the exclusion of qualified bicycle commuting reimbursements from an employee’s income for any tax year beginning after 2017 and before 2026. As such, VA’s TBP office suspended processing of the previously offered bicycle commuting benefits.

060502 Transit Benefit Application Process

1. The amount of TBP subsidy a qualified VA employee may receive is based on the employee’s actual monthly public transit commuting costs incurred. Refer to VA Directive and Handbook, 0633, Transit Benefit Program, for detailed information on eligibility/ineligibility, requirements, and participation.
2. VA employees interested in receiving a transit benefit must complete a transit benefit application. The application completed will be based upon the employees location:
   1. Employees outside the NCR, must complete, sign and forward VA Form 0722, Application for Public Transit Fare Benefit, to their transit manager to be considered for participation in TBP. VA Form 0722 contains a certification statement and becomes the employee’s contract with the Federal Government.
   2. Employees within the NCR, will utilize the VA Central Office (VACO) TBP web-based application for all enrollments, recertifications, changes, and withdrawals.
3. Field transit managers must provide a copy of VA Form 0722 to:
   1. Employee’s payroll office for all new applications, changes in transit benefits, (with the exception of organizational changes) and withdrawals to be entered into VA’s HR Smart system. Although details of the participants’ benefits are entered into HR Smart, there is no effect on payroll. Refer to Appendix C, Coding instructions for HR Smart; and
   2. TBP to ensure the employee receives the transit benefit as required by VA Handbook 0633.
4. NCR employees that utilize the VACO TBP web-based application do not need to send information to payroll offices as this information is sent electronically.
5. Field transit managers are required to keep paper copies of qualified VA employee approved VA 0722 forms at their locations. VA’s TBP office will maintain a master list of TBP participants.

060503 Transit Benefit Distributions

1. Transit benefits will be distributed if it is available in the employee’s area and the monthly benefit cost can be accurately estimated. Transit subsidies may only be issued during or in advance of the allocated month(s).
2. In cases where a mode of transportation is unable to accept either of VAs digital payment methods, fare media will be distributed. Fare media will not be distributed to transit participants once the allocated month has passed.
3. Transit Benefits will be provided to qualified participants via direct subsidy, field subsidy, or self-certification reimbursement.
   1. Direct Subsidy for employees within the NCR boundaries. VA’s TBP will provide a direct subsidy, for employees who provide commuting expense estimates. The amount provided will not exceed the maximum amounts allowed by statutory authorities.
      1. Employees will receive a direct subsidy benefit distribution in the amount estimated via the VACO TBP web-based application.
      2. Direct subsidy distributions are made via SmarTrip card within the NCR area. Eligible VA employees may receive the lesser of their monthly commuting cost or the maximum amount allowable by the IRS.
      3. All estimates will be adjusted to account for any anticipated days without commuting costs.
   2. Field Subsidy for employees outside the NCR boundary. VA’s TBP will provide a field subsidy, for employees who provide estimates based on past commuter costs up to the maximum amounts allowed by statutory authorities.
      1. Employees will receive a field subsidy benefit distribution in the amount estimated on VA Form 0722.
      2. Field subsidy distributions are made when possible using a Go!Card outside the NCR. Paper vouchers may be issued only when transit companies do not accept Go!Card transactions. Eligible VA employees may receive the lesser of their monthly commuting cost or the maximum amount allowable by the IRS.
      3. Estimates will be adjusted to account for any anticipated days without commuting costs.
   3. Self-certification reimbursement for employees outside the NCR where fare media (e.g., fare media, paper vouchers, Go!Card, etc.) is not available.
      1. VA’s TBP will reimburse employees for commuting costs for qualified modes of transportation.
      2. Eligible VA employees may receive the lesser of their monthly commuting cost or the maximum amount allowable by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
      3. Monthly submission of a Self-Certification reimbursement form (VA Form 0724a), is required along with any supporting documents.
   4. Monthly, VA’s TBP office will provide HHS and WMATA with TBP participants estimated transit cost data. HHS and WMATA use the estimated cost data to distribute transit benefits to the program participants. The estimated cost data is updated each month based on actual costs incurred.

060504 Program Separation Requirements

1. Employees in the NCR who wish to terminate participation in the TBP will utilize the VACO TBP web-based application to withdrawal from the program.
2. Employees outside the NCR who wish to terminate participation in the TBP will complete VA Form 0722, indicating a withdrawal, and submit the form to the Transit Manager.
3. Employees are required to complete VA Form 3248, Employee’s Clearance from Indebtedness, prior to separation to identify and document any open benefit amounts outstanding.
4. When an employee does not properly withdraw from TBP and continues to utilize transit benefit amounts loaded to his or her card, VA’s Transit Benefit office will initiate debt collection activities to recover the debt. Refer to VA Handbook 0633 and Volume XII for debt collection requirements.

060505 Transit Benefit Billing Process

1. VA will receive invoices for transit benefits in different ways depending upon which organization provided the benefits. Specifically, if the benefits were provided by HHS, an Intra-Governmental Payment and Collection (IPAC) transaction will be processed by FSC and if the benefits were provided by WMATA an invoice will be submitted through the Invoice Payment Processing System (IPPS) for payment. Details regarding the different processes are described below:
   1. HHS provides the actual cost incurred at the close of each month to VA’s TBP office and FSC to support the IPAC billing submission.
      1. If discrepancies exist between the billing statement and prerecorded obligations, VA’s TBP office will work with Field transit managers to identify the discrepancy and make corrections.
      2. FSC will record expenses against the appropriate obligations based on actual cost incurred.
   2. WMATA provides the actual cost incurred to VA’s TBP office to support IPPS billing.
      1. If discrepancies exist between the billing statement and estimated cost data, VA’s TBP office will work with VACO transit managers to identify the discrepancy and correct the issue.
      2. When VA’s TBP office receives the IPPS bill from WMATA, they will reconcile the estimated costs with the actual costs incurred and certify the invoice for payment.
      3. VA’s TBP office will provide the actual cost data to ORF Reimbursement Office to support cost transfers to the appropriate NCR office for the employee receiving the benefit.
2. Employees eligible to receive transit benefits for qualified modes of transportation, but where transit fare media is not available, may request a reimbursement of transit benefit expenses through the self-certification reimbursement process.
   1. To receive reimbursement, the participant will provide copies of their actual commuting expenses for the prior period along with a completed VA Form 0724a, Transit Benefit Self-Certification Form as proof of their monthly mass transit expenses to the respective VACO transit manager or field transit manager.
   2. By signing the self-certification reimbursement form, the participant is certifying that:
      • A qualified mode of mass transportation (i.e., buses, subways, ferries, commuter buses, trains, and qualified van pools) is being used for transportation to and/or from work site;
      • No other reimbursement was received that would negate reimbursement of the benefit. For example, the employee is named on a worksite parking permit when receiving transit benefits; and
      • The amount claimed does not exceed their monthly or maximum limits.
3. VA’s TBP office will provide the monthly ridership numbers and cost data to Office of Revolving Fund (ORF) Reimbursement Office to collect costs from each NCR organization whose employees had received benefits during that period.

060506 Transit Benefit Reconciliations

1. VA’s TBP office will reconcile actual commuter amounts, estimated costs, and distributed media.
2. VACO and Field transit managers will ensure VA employees update their transit benefit application, within 10 days of notification by the Transit Manager, to change their transit benefit estimates to reflect actual usage.
3. VACO and Field transit managers will report any change lasting 6 months or longer in a commuting cost estimate to their respective finance office (e.g., VACO budget office, chief of local finance office or designee, etc.) for budget planning.
4. VACO and Field transit managers will send billing related disputes to VA’s TBP office for investigation and resolution. If necessary, VA’s TBP office will work with HHS and WMATA to resolve the dispute.

060507 Internal Controls for Program Administration

1. VA organizations and stations will implement an effective system of internal controls over TBP activities to safeguard against fraud, waste, abuse, mismanagement, or misappropriation of Government funds.
2. The TBP office and FSC will follow procedures established in VA Directive 0633, Transit Benefit Program, designed to achieve the objectives of VA’s internal control processes and procedures.
3. Annually, the management of VA’s TBP will conduct a review to verify that controls are in place to ensure that:
   1. Recording and accounting of expenditures are proper;
   2. Employees receiving benefits are indeed eligible to receive benefits;
   3. Monthly transit benefit to a participant does not exceed the authorized maximum or the monthly tax-excludable benefit under IRS regulations;
   4. Participants leaving VA or Federal service do not continue receiving benefits; and
   5. Amounts billed are accurate and proper.

0606 Authorities and References

• U.S. Code
  • 5 U.S.C. § 2105, Employee
  • 5 U.S.C. 7905, Programs to Encourage Commuting by Means other than Single-Occupancy Motor Vehicles – Federal Employees Clean Air Incentives Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-72)
• Public Law  115-97,  Suspension of Exclusion for Qualified Bicycle Commuting Reimbursement (sec. 11047 of the Act and sec. 132(f) of the Code
• Executive Order No. 13150, Federal Workforce Transportation
• VACO Transit Benefit Program Web-based Application
• VA Directive and Handbook 0633, Transit Benefit Program
• Volume XII – Debt Management
• VA Internal Forms

VA Staff onl0607 Rescissions

VA Financial Policy Volume III Chapter 1, Transit Benefit Program, January 2022.