VCOEB recommends that the Secretary of the VA work with the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to provide funding for stabilization and transitional housing services for homeless veterans in Los Angeles. VCOEB places a high priority on autonomy and self-determination for all Veterans. There is a little evidence to support that homeless adults who are coerced into transitional housing or substance use treatment have positive long-term health outcomes.3 The recent decision by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Boise vs. Martin4 prohibits local law enforcement from criminalizing homeless adults for sitting, lying or sleeping on public property if there is no adequate shelter alternative. VCOEB recognizes that Assertive Community Treatment is the evidence-based intervention to serve homeless adults with severe and persistent illness5 . VCOEB strongly supports offering crisis and transitional housing to Veterans as an alternative to sleeping on the streets. Additionally, VCOEB strongly supports working in collaboration with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and proposes that any joint VA-HUD collaboration honor the Veterans’ autonomy without the threat of criminalization to coerce Veterans into these services. VCOEB supports expanding crisis intervention services at the West Los Angeles VA campus.
VA Response: Concur in principle, VA appreciates VCOEB’s support for expanding evidence-based interventions, including emergency and transitional housing, for homeless Los Angeles-area Veterans. VA also appreciates and acknowledges VCOEB’s recommendation that VA partner with HUD to fund such expansion. While VCOEB’s recommendation is framed in terms of interventions to support positive long-term health outcomes rather than to mitigate emergent public health risks, the emergent need to protect homeless Veterans from exposure to COVID-19 has led VA’s Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (VAGLAHS) to significantly expand emergency treatment and shelter options on the West Los Angeles Campus. This expansion included three distinct programs.
On April 1, 2020, VAGLAHS opened 138 beds in building 214 as a portion of the VAGLAHS Domiciliary to provide shelter and health care for the following groups:
- Veterans who need to self-isolate due to a medical condition that increases susceptibility to COVID-19, or due to known contact with someone who has the disease;
- Veterans who are presumed to have the infection and are awaiting test results; and
- Veterans who are positive and need to remain isolated for a 14-day period.
On April 4, 2020, VAGLAHS opened the “A Bridge Home” structure provided through collaboration with VAGLAHS, the City and County of Los Angeles and with the VAGLAHS-funded service provider, Carlos Lopez and Associates. Although originally designed to house 100 homeless Veterans moving through transitional housing, it is currently being used as a 50-bed facility for non-symptomatic homeless Veterans in order to maintain social distancing measures. When the public health guidelines allow and VAGLAHS has made a clinical decision to do so, we will work with the contracted service provider to expand the facility’s capacity to 100 Veterans as originally planned.
Finally, on April 6, 2020, VAGLAHS initiated Care, Treatment and Rehabilitation Services (CTRS) on the West Los Angeles Campus for homeless Veterans living on the streets. CTRS is designed to provide Veterans with services such as clinical care, social work and transitional housing assistance while also providing them a clean environment with monitored social distancing requirements, in a designated area on campus. This program initially opened with 25 spaces for high-risk homeless Veterans to come onto the campus with their personal tents. On May 6, 2020, the program expanded to a second location that accommodated an additional 20 Veterans. VAGLAHS has received donations to make showers available to CTRS participants, and community partners are providing hot meals.
With respect to VCOEB’s recommendation for expanded VA-HUD collaboration, VA continues to pursue options to expand the number, value and flexibility of HUD-VA Supportive Housing vouchers at the national and local levels. VA remains committed to strong and innovative partnerships with other Federal agencies, such as HUD, and with municipal entities like the City and County of Los Angeles, for the benefit of Los Angeles’ homeless Veterans and their families.
3 https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-20229-001
4 https://nlchp.org/supreme-court-martin-v-boise/
5 https://ebmh.bmj.com/content/1/4/115